持有绿卡的外国人的子女入学问题
昨天早晨，在China Daily的网站上看到一篇短文。由于工作的关系，对此文多做了一些留意，顺势翻译了一段，留在这里。目前，我还没有继续追根求源，细细了解相关文件的准确情况。不过，我宁可相信就是朝向这个方向发展的，很快，这些持有绿卡的外国人（有一些是取得外国国籍后重新返回国内的华人），他们的子女完全可以和本地的孩子一样享受政府支持的义务教育权利，而不用受到种种的限制，诸如缴纳择校费或者给学校提供额外的、与入学相关的支持。
显然，国家的政策一直在调整，只不过是越来越人性化了。我在校工作期间，曾经接纳过一些外国人子女入学，他们的父母并没有什么绿卡，属于在华长期工作，而是否向这些家庭收取额外费用、到底收取多少，是一个非常令人头痛的问题，难以抉择。所幸，这些家长都没有使我为难，主动通过其它方式给予学校以很大帮助。尤为可敬的是搜集了他们国家的课本赠送给我的学校，使我和我的老师们大开眼界。在绿卡持有者的子女入学问题解决之后，估计很快可以解决其他长期在华工作人员的子女入学问题了。
原文及译文如下：
Foreigners to get key rights
Foreigners who obtain permanent residency will have the same pension, employment and property rights as Chinese citizens, under new regulations announced on Tuesday.
Access to schools for their children will also be on par with Chinese citizens the rules endorsed by central government departments in September state.
The only rights not afforded to "green card" holders are political rights.
Foreigners with permanent residency can participate in all aspects of social insurance and avail of the benefits.
There are five types of social insurance: endowment, medical, unemployment, work-related injury and maternity.
Green card holders are exempt from a restriction that does not allow foreigners who have worked or studied less than a year in China to buy property. They can also work in China without a work permit.
Their children, of a compulsory education age, can attend a school that is near their place of residence, and they will not be charged any fees except a statutory sum.
Foreigners who have permanent residency can enjoy simplified investment and registration procedures if they want to invest in or set up a business.
Spouses and immediate family members can apply for visas, residence permits and a green card, under the regulation.
China started to grant permanent residency permits to foreigners in 2004. Since then, nearly 5,000 have received the permits and many of them are high-level experts.
"The green card system has become an important mechanism to attract international expertise," the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, which helped draft the regulation, said in an explanation of the new rules on Tuesday.
The ministry acknowledged that green cards are vital for developed countries such as the United States and European nations to compete for global talent. The US annually grants 140,000 green cards for immigrants with expertise.
China has been working hard to improve rights that green card holders can enjoy so as to get more overseas experts and professionals that are urgently needed, the ministry said.
Rhio Zablam, from the Philippines, works at a media firm in Beijing. He married a Chinese woman in 2011, and his wife is due to give birth in February.
"I've been in China for two years, and since I got married to a Chinese citizen I can apply for my green card in three years," the 34-year-old said. "The new green card policy is great news for me because I will not need to obtain a work permit anymore if I want to change my job.
"A green card will also make me feel that I am not an outsider anymore, and I really want to fully immerse myself in life in China."
China's first legislation covering the exit and entry of Chinese citizens and foreigners, the Law on the Exit and Entry Administration, which was passed in June and will take effect in July 2013, allows for an increase in the number of green cards.
China may introduce policies for easier access to permanent residency permits for foreigners, according to an expert commenting on a proposed draft regulation being prepared by the Ministry of Public Security.
Liu Guofu, an immigration law specialist at the Beijing Institute of Technology, praised the new green card regulation and said such rules should have come earlier.
"China started to grant green cards in 2004 but the first batch of green card holders have only become entitled to their due rights eight years later," he said.
Liu said before the regulation, a Chinese green card mainly carried favorable entry and exit policies.
"If a green card does not bring other basic rights such as employment, pension and children's education, it will not be attractive and will not help introduce global talent," he said. "The new regulation will help foreigners have a sense of security."
In the long run, he added, China should consider granting some other rights, such as allowing green card holders to set up panels to voice their suggestions to the government.
"Now they can obtain economic and social rights as Chinese citizens do, they may ask for political rights if they live in the country for long," Liu said.
Quote from http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2012-12/12/content_16008014.htm
外国人获得永久居住的关键权利
获得永久居留权的外国人和中国公民一样，都会有相同的养老金，就业和财产的权利，根据周二宣布的新规定。
根据中央政府部门九月份出台的规则，他们的孩子进入学校也将等同于中国公民。
唯一没有提供给“绿卡”持有人的权利是政治权利。
拥有永久居留权的外国人可以参与各方面的社会保险和享受福利，有五种类型的社会保险：养老险，医疗险，失业险，工伤险和生育险。
在中国工作或学习过不到一年的外国人不允许购买房产，而绿卡持有人没有这项限制，他们即使没有工作许可证也可以在中国工作。
他们的孩子达到义务教育的年龄，可以在他们的居住地附近的学校上学，将不会收取任何法定之外的费用。
拥有永久居留权的外国人如果投资或设立企业，可以享受简化的投资、登记等手续。
按照条例，配偶和直系亲属可以申请签证、居留证和绿卡。
中国在2004年开始授予外国人以永久居留证。自那时以来，已发放近5000个许可证，其中许多是高层次的专家。
“绿卡制度已经成为吸引国际专业人才的一个重要的机制。”人力资源和社会保障部曾参与起草的监管，在周二对新规则进行了解释。
该部承认，绿卡对于发达国家，如美国和欧洲国家，的全球人才竞争至关重要。美国每年给14万专业移民授予绿卡。
中国一直努力提高绿卡持有人可以享受的权利，以期获得更多的海外专家和专业人士，该部说。
Rhio Zablam，来自菲律宾，在北京一家媒体公司工作。他在2011年娶了一位中国女子，他的妻子预计将于2月生产。
“我已经在中国两年了，自从我与中国公民结婚，我可以在三年后申请绿卡。”34岁的他说， “新的绿卡政策，对我来说是个好消息，如果我想改变我的工作，我并不需要获得工作许可证了。”
“绿卡也让我觉得我不是外人了，我真的想完全融入中国。”
中国第一个出入境管理法，涵盖了中国公民和外国人出入境，在六月通过，并将于2013年7月生效。立法允许增加绿卡的数量。
中国可能出台政策更容易获得永久居留证的外国人，根据专家评论就拟议的法规草案由公安部正在准备。
刘国富，北京理工大学的移民法专家，称赞新的绿卡规定，并说，这样的规则应该来得更早。
“中国在2004年开始授予绿卡，但作为第一批绿卡持有人，8年后才享受到他们应有的权利，”他说。
刘说，法规出台前的中国绿卡，主要是进行良好的出入境管理。
“如果一个绿卡并没有带来其他的基本权利，如就业、养老和孩子的教育，它不会是有吸引力的，也无助于引进全球人才，”他说， “新规使得外国人有安全感。”
他补充说，从长远来看，中国应考虑给予绿卡持有人其他一些权利，如议政权。
“现在，他们可以取得和中国公民同等的经济和社会权利，久居之后，他们可能会索求政治权利，”刘说。
转自 http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2012-12/12/content_16008014.htm
